{"id":725,"date":"2026-09-16T17:52:09","date_gmt":"2026-09-16T14:52:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/imaxis.ru\/?p=725"},"modified":"2026-09-16T17:52:09","modified_gmt":"2026-09-16T14:52:09","slug":"prioritezatsiya-internet-trafika-na-mikrotik-simple-queues-i-queue-tree","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/imaxis.ru\/?p=725","title":{"rendered":"\u041f\u0440\u0438\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0435\u0442-\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u043a\u0430 \u043d\u0430 Mikrotik: Simple Queues \u0438 Queue Tree"},"content":{"rendered":"<h1>\u041f\u0440\u0438\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0435\u0442-\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u043a\u0430 \u043d\u0430 Mikrotik: Simple Queues \u0438 Queue Tree<\/h1>\n<p>\u041a\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u043a\u0430\u043d\u0430\u043b \u043e\u0431\u0449\u0438\u0439 \u043d\u0430 \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0445 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0439, \u0430 \u043a\u0442\u043e-\u0442\u043e \u043a\u0430\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0438 \u00ab\u0441\u044a\u0435\u0434\u0430\u0435\u0442\u00bb \u0432\u0441\u0451 \u2014 \u043d\u0443\u0436\u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u044c (queue). RouterOS \u0434\u0430\u0451\u0442 \u0434\u0432\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0430: <strong>Simple Queues<\/strong> (\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e \u0438 \u0431\u044b\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e) \u0438 <strong>Queue Tree<\/strong> (\u0433\u0438\u0431\u043a\u043e, \u043d\u043e \u0442\u0440\u0435\u0431\u0443\u0435\u0442 mangle). \u0412 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0431\u0435\u0440\u0451\u043c \u043e\u0431\u0430, \u0432\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0430\u044f \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044e \u0442\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u043a\u0430 \u043f\u043e DSCP-\u043c\u0435\u0442\u043a\u0435 \u0438\u0437 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u044b\u0434\u0443\u0449\u0438\u0445 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0439.<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h2>\u0427\u0442\u043e \u0432\u044b\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0442\u044c: Simple Queues \u0438\u043b\u0438 Queue Tree<\/h2>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>\u041a\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0439<\/th>\n<th>Simple Queues<\/th>\n<th>Queue Tree<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0421\u043b\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c<\/td>\n<td>\u041d\u0438\u0437\u043a\u0430\u044f<\/td>\n<td>\u0421\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043d\u044f\u044f<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0413\u0438\u0431\u043a\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c<\/td>\n<td>\u0421\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043d\u044f\u044f<\/td>\n<td>\u0412\u044b\u0441\u043e\u043a\u0430\u044f<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Parent-\u0438\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0440\u0445\u0438\u044f<\/td>\n<td>\u0412\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f<\/td>\n<td>\u0427\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 interface\/global<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0420\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430 \u0441 DSCP\/mangle<\/td>\n<td>\u0427\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 filter (\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e)<\/td>\n<td>\u041f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0430\u044f (packet-mark)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u041d\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u043a\u0430 \u043d\u0430 CPU<\/td>\n<td>\u041d\u0438\u0436\u0435<\/td>\n<td>\u0412\u044b\u0448\u0435<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u0414\u043b\u044f <strong>\u0434\u043e\u043c\u0430\u0448\u043d\u0435\u0439\/\u043e\u0444\u0438\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0435\u0442\u0438 \u0434\u043e ~30 \u043a\u043b\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442\u043e\u0432<\/strong> \u043e\u0431\u044b\u0447\u043d\u043e \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e Simple Queues. \u0414\u043b\u044f <strong>\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0432\u0438\u043d\u0443\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0443\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f<\/strong> (\u0432\u0435\u0431 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u0438\u0432 \u0442\u043e\u0440\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0442\u043e\u0432, VoIP \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0442, \u0433\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0439 Wi-Fi) \u2014 Queue Tree.<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h2>\u0427\u0430\u0441\u0442\u044c 1. Simple Queues: \u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0441\u043a\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043a\u0430\u043d\u0430\u043b<\/h2>\n<h3>\u0428\u0430\u0433 1. \u0411\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u043e \u043d\u0430 \u0432\u0435\u0441\u044c \u043a\u0430\u043d\u0430\u043b<\/h3>\n<pre><code class=\"language-routeros\">\/queue simple add \n    name=&quot;global&quot; \n    target=192.168.0.0\/24 \n    max-limit=100M\/100M \n    comment=&quot;\u0412\u0441\u0451 \u043d\u0430 100 \u041c\u0431\u0438\u0442&quot;\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<ul>\n<li><code>target<\/code> \u2014 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0441\u0435\u0442\u044c, \u043a \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f<\/li>\n<li><code>max-limit<\/code> = <code>upload\/download<\/code> \u0432 \u043c\u0435\u0433\u0430\u0431\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0445 (RouterOS 7 \u043f\u043e\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u0435\u0442 <code>M<\/code>\/<code>K<\/code>)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>\u0428\u0430\u0433 2. \u0418\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0440\u0445\u0438\u044f: \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043a\u0430\u043d\u0430\u043b \u043f\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0443 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043f\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0442\u0443<\/h3>\n<p>\u0421\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0451\u043c \u0440\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u043a\u0443\u044e \u043e\u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u044c \u043d\u0430 \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0444\u0435\u0439\u0441:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-routeros\">\/queue simple add name=&quot;WAN&quot; interface=ether1 max-limit=100M\/100M\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u0417\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043c \u0434\u0435\u0442\u043a\u0438 \u0441 <code>parent=WAN<\/code>. \u041f\u0440\u043e\u0449\u0435 \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 GUI: Queues \u2192 Simple Queues, \u043a\u043d\u043e\u043f\u043a\u0430 \u00ab\u0414\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0439\u00bb \u0441\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0430. \u0418\u043b\u0438 \u0432\u0440\u0443\u0447\u043d\u0443\u044e:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-routeros\">\/queue simple add \n    name=&quot;Office&quot; \n    parent=&quot;WAN&quot; \n    target=192.168.0.10-192.168.0.50 \n    max-limit=30M\/40M\n\/queue simple add \n    name=&quot;Guest&quot; \n    parent=&quot;WAN&quot; \n    target=192.168.0.51-192.168.0.60 \n    max-limit=5M\/5M\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u041f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u043e: \u0441\u0443\u043c\u043c\u0430 \u0434\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0439 \u043d\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u044f\u0437\u0430\u043d\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u0432\u043d\u044f\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0440\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044e \u2014 RouterOS \u0441\u0430\u043c \u043e\u0442\u0434\u0430\u0441\u0442 \u0438\u0437\u043b\u0438\u0448\u0435\u043a \u0440\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f \u043d\u0430\u0438\u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0435 \u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0440\u0435\u0431\u0451\u043d\u043a\u0443, \u0435\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0443 \u0440\u0435\u0431\u0451\u043d\u043a\u0430 <code>limit-at<\/code> \u0432\u044b\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0428\u0430\u0433 3. \u041b\u0438\u043c\u0438\u0442 \u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 (per-connection)<\/h3>\n<p>\u0427\u0442\u043e\u0431\u044b \u043d\u0438\u043a\u0442\u043e \u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d \u043d\u0435 \u0436\u0440\u0430\u043b \u0432\u0435\u0441\u044c \u043a\u0430\u043d\u0430\u043b:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-routeros\">\/queue simple add name=&quot;PC-10&quot; parent=&quot;WAN&quot; \n    target=192.168.0.10 max-limit=20M\/20M limit-at=10M\/10M burst-limit=30M\/30M burst-threshold=15M\/15M burst-time=5s\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<ul>\n<li><code>limit-at<\/code> \u2014 \u0433\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0441\u043a\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c<\/li>\n<li><code>max-limit<\/code> \u2014 \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043b\u043e\u043a<\/li>\n<li><code>burst-*<\/code> \u2014 \u043a\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u00ab\u043f\u0438\u043a\u00bb \u0432\u044b\u0448\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043b\u043a\u0430, \u0435\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u043a\u0430\u043d\u0430\u043b \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0434\u0435\u043d<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr \/>\n<h2>\u0427\u0430\u0441\u0442\u044c 2. Queue Tree: \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u043e DSCP (\u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u043a\u0430 \u0441 \u043c\u0435\u0442\u043a\u0430\u043c\u0438)<\/h2>\n<p>Queue Tree \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u043e <strong>packet-mark<\/strong> \u2014 \u044d\u0442\u043e \u0440\u043e\u0432\u043d\u043e \u0442\u0435 \u043c\u0435\u0442\u043a\u0438, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u043c\u044b \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 mangle \u0432 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c\u044f\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u043e DSCP \u0432 Windows \u0438 Ubuntu. \u0421\u0445\u0435\u043c\u0430:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>mangle \u043f\u043e\u043c\u0435\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u044b (<code>vpn-traffic<\/code>, <code>voip<\/code>, <code>download<\/code>, <code>default<\/code>)<\/li>\n<li>Queue Tree \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0451\u0442 \u043e\u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u044c \u043d\u0430 \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0444\u0435\u0439\u0441<\/li>\n<li>\u041a\u0430\u0436\u0434\u044b\u0439 packet-mark \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u044e \u043e\u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u044c \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0442<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h3>\u0428\u0430\u0433 1. \u041c\u0435\u0447\u0438\u043c \u0442\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u043a \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 mangle<\/h3>\n<pre><code class=\"language-routeros\">\/ip firewall mangle\nadd chain=forward dst-address-list=!NoQoS dscp=46 action=mark-packet \n    new-packet-mark=VoIP pass-through=no comment=&quot;DSCP46 -&gt; VoIP&quot;\nadd chain=forward dst-address-list=!NoQoS dscp=26,34 action=mark-packet \n    new-packet-mark=Business pass-through=no comment=&quot;DSCP 26\/34 -&gt; Business&quot;\nadd chain=forward dst-address-list=!NoQoS protocol=tcp port=443,80 \n    action=mark-packet new-packet-mark=Web pass-through=no comment=&quot;Web&quot;\nadd chain=forward dst-address-list=!NoQoS action=mark-packet \n    new-packet-mark=Bulk pass-through=no comment=&quot;\u0412\u0441\u0435 \u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0435&quot;\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u041f\u043e\u0440\u044f\u0434\u043e\u043a \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b \u0432\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d: \u0447\u0435\u043c \u0441\u043f\u0435\u0446\u0438\u0444\u0438\u0447\u043d\u0435\u0435 \u2014 \u0442\u0435\u043c \u0440\u0430\u043d\u044c\u0448\u0435. \u0421\u043f\u0438\u0441\u043e\u043a <code>NoQoS<\/code> \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 <code>\/ip firewall address-list<\/code> \u0438 \u0434\u043e\u0431\u0430\u0432\u044c\u0442\u0435 \u0442\u0443\u0434\u0430 \u0430\u0434\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0430, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u0442\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0437\u044f (\u0443\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435, \u043b\u043e\u043a\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0440\u0435\u0441\u0443\u0440\u0441\u044b).<\/p>\n<h3>\u0428\u0430\u0433 2. \u0420\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u043e\u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u044c \u043d\u0430 \u0438\u0441\u0445\u043e\u0434\u044f\u0449\u0438\u0439 \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0444\u0435\u0439\u0441<\/h3>\n<pre><code class=\"language-routeros\">\/queue tree add name=&quot;WAN-DL&quot; packet-mark=&quot;&quot; \n    parent=ether1 max-limit=100M comment=&quot;Download \u0448\u0435\u0439\u043f\u0435\u0440&quot;\n\/queue tree add name=&quot;WAN-UL&quot; packet-mark=&quot;&quot; \n    parent=pppoe-out1 max-limit=20M comment=&quot;Upload \u0448\u0435\u0439\u043f\u0435\u0440&quot;\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<ul>\n<li>Download \u0448\u0435\u0439\u043f\u0438\u043c \u043d\u0430 \u0444\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0444\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0435 <code>ether1<\/code><\/li>\n<li>Upload \u0448\u0435\u0439\u043f\u0438\u043c \u043d\u0430 WAN-\u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0444\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0435 (<code>pppoe-out1<\/code> \/ <code>ether1-WAN<\/code>)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<blockquote>\n<p>\u0414\u043b\u044f upload download \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e: download \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043d\u0430 LAN-\u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0444\u0435\u0439\u0441, upload \u2014 \u043d\u0430 WAN-\u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0444\u0435\u0439\u0441.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<h3>\u0428\u0430\u0433 3. \u0414\u0435\u0442\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u043e\u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0438 \u043f\u043e packet-mark<\/h3>\n<pre><code class=\"language-routeros\">\/queue tree add name=&quot;VoIP&quot; packet-mark=&quot;VoIP&quot; parent=&quot;WAN-DL&quot; \n    max-limit=10M burst-limit=20M burst-threshold=8M burst-time=3s \n    priority=1 comment=&quot;\u0413\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0441 - \u0441\u0430\u043c\u044b\u0439 \u0432\u044b\u0441\u043e\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0442&quot;\n\/queue tree add name=&quot;Business&quot; packet-mark=&quot;Business&quot; parent=&quot;WAN-DL&quot; \n    priority=2\n\/queue tree add name=&quot;Web&quot; packet-mark=&quot;Web&quot; parent=&quot;WAN-DL&quot; \n    priority=4\n\/queue tree add name=&quot;Bulk&quot; packet-mark=&quot;Bulk&quot; parent=&quot;WAN-DL&quot; \n    limit-at=2M max-limit=100M priority=8 comment=&quot;\u041e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0435 - \u0444\u043e\u043d&quot;\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p><code>priority<\/code> \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0446\u0438\u043f\u0443 <strong>\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0432<\/strong>: \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u044b \u0441 priority=1 \u043e\u0431\u0441\u043b\u0443\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0440\u0430\u043d\u044c\u0448\u0435, \u0447\u0435\u043c \u0441 priority=2 \u0438 \u0442.\u0434. \u042d\u0442\u043e\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0446\u0438\u043f \u0441\u043e\u0432\u043f\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0441 \u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0439 DSCP: \u043c\u0435\u0442\u043a\u0430 46 (EF) \u2192 \u043e\u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u044c \u0441 priority=1.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0428\u0430\u0433 4. \u0422\u043e \u0436\u0435 \u0434\u043b\u044f upload<\/h3>\n<pre><code class=\"language-routeros\">\/queue tree add name=&quot;VoIP-UL&quot; packet-mark=&quot;VoIP&quot; parent=&quot;WAN-UL&quot; \n    max-limit=2M priority=1\n\/queue tree add name=&quot;Business-UL&quot; packet-mark=&quot;Business&quot; parent=&quot;WAN-UL&quot; priority=2\n\/queue tree add name=&quot;Web-UL&quot; packet-mark=&quot;Web&quot; parent=&quot;WAN-UL&quot; priority=4\n\/queue tree add name=&quot;Bulk-UL&quot; packet-mark=&quot;Bulk&quot; parent=&quot;WAN-UL&quot; \n    limit-at=512k max-limit=20M priority=8\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<hr \/>\n<h2>\u041f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043a\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u044b \u043e\u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u0439<\/h2>\n<h3>\u041f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044b\u0435 \u0441\u0447\u0451\u0442\u0447\u0438\u043a\u0438<\/h3>\n<pre><code class=\"language-routeros\">\/queue simple print stats\n\/queue tree print stats\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u0421\u043c\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0438\u043c \u043a\u043e\u043b\u043e\u043d\u043a\u0438 <code>rate<\/code>, <code>bytes<\/code>, <code>packets<\/code>. \u0423 \u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043a\u043b\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430 \u0434\u043e\u043b\u0436\u043d\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0441\u043a\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c.<\/p>\n<h3>\u041f\u0438\u043d\u0433 \u0432\u043e \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f \u0437\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u043a\u0438<\/h3>\n<p>\u0417\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0442\u043e\u0440\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0442\/\u0437\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u043a\u0443 \u043d\u0430 \u0444\u043e\u043d\u0435 \u0438 \u043f\u0438\u043d\u0433\u0443\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u0448\u043b\u044e\u0437:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-routeros\">\/ping 8.8.8.8 count=50\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u0415\u0441\u043b\u0438 ping \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0431\u0438\u043b\u0435\u043d \u2264 5 \u043c\u0441 \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u0437\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u043a\u0435 \u043a\u0430\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u2014 \u0448\u0435\u0439\u043f\u0435\u0440 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u0435\u0442. \u0415\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u043f\u0438\u043d\u0433\u0443\u0435\u0442 50-100 \u043c\u0441 \u2014 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0442 VoIP\/\u0443\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0438 \u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0447\u044c\u0442\u0435 \u0444\u043e\u043d.<\/p>\n<h3>Watch-\u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0444\u0435\u0439\u0441\u044b<\/h3>\n<pre><code class=\"language-routeros\">\/tool graphing interface add interface=ether1\n\/tool graphing queue add name=&quot;WAN-DL&quot;\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u0413\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0436\u0443\u0442 \u0431\u043e\u043a\u0441\u0451\u0440\u044b \u0441\u043a\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043f\u043e \u043e\u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u044f\u043c \u2014 \u043d\u0430\u0433\u043b\u044f\u0434\u043d\u043e \u0432\u0438\u0434\u043d\u043e, \u043a\u0442\u043e \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0435\u0441\u0442.<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h2>\u0422\u043e\u043d\u043a\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0432\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043a\u0430\u043c\u043d\u0438<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Queue Tree \u0442\u0440\u0435\u0431\u0443\u0435\u0442 packet-mark<\/strong>, \u0430 Simple Queues \u2014 \u043d\u0435\u0442. \u0411\u0435\u0437 mangle Queue Tree \u043d\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f (\u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044b\u0435 \u043e\u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0438).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Simple Queues \u0438\u0433\u043d\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0440\u0443\u044e\u0442 packet-mark<\/strong> \u2014 \u0435\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0443\u0436\u0435 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0435\u0442\u0435 mangle, \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0439\u0442\u0435 Queue Tree.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Double-queuing<\/strong>: \u043d\u0435 \u0448\u0435\u0439\u043f\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d \u0442\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u043a \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e Simple \u0438 Tree \u2014 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0435\u0442 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0444\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0442. \u0412\u044b\u0431\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d \u043c\u0435\u0445\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0437\u043c \u043d\u0430 \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0444\u0435\u0439\u0441.<\/li>\n<li><strong>FastTrack \u043e\u0442\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0430\u0432\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438<\/strong> \u2014 \u043a\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c queue \u043d\u0430 \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0444\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0435, RouterOS \u0441\u0430\u043c \u0443\u0431\u0438\u0440\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0442 \u0442\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u043a \u0438\u0437 fasttrack. \u041d\u0430 \u0432\u0441\u044f\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044c\u0442\u0435 <code>\/ip firewall raw<\/code>.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Wi-Fi \u043a\u043b\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442\u044b<\/strong>: \u0448\u0435\u0439\u043f\u0435\u0440 \u043d\u0430 \u0431\u0435\u0441\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0444\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u0435\u0442, \u043d\u043e \u0442\u043e\u0447\u043a\u0438 \u0441 \u0430\u0433\u0440\u0435\u0433\u0430\u0446\u0435\u0439 \u0432\u0435\u0434\u0443\u0442 \u0441\u0435\u0431\u044f \u0445\u0443\u0436\u0435. \u0428\u0435\u0439\u043f\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u043d\u0430 bridge-\u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0444\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0435.<\/li>\n<li><strong>PCQ vs queue tree<\/strong>: PCQ (Per Connection Queuing) \u0434\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0442 \u0441\u043a\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043f\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0443 \u043c\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0443 \u0441\u043e\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f\u043c\u0438 \u2014 \u0443\u0434\u043e\u0431\u043d\u043e \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0433\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0432\u044b\u0445. \u041f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440: <code>limit-at=0 max-limit=100M packet-marks=Bulk pcq-classifier=both-addresses<\/code>.<\/li>\n<li><strong>HTB-\u043e\u0431\u0443\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435<\/strong>: Simple Queues \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043d\u044b \u043d\u0430 HTB. \u0414\u043e\u0447\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043e\u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0438 \u0441 <code>limit-at<\/code> \u0433\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0440\u0443\u044e\u0442 \u043c\u0438\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0443\u044e \u0441\u043a\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c, \u0438\u0437\u043b\u0438\u0448\u0435\u043a \u0440\u0430\u0441\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f. \u042d\u0442\u043e \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430 \u2014 \u043f\u043e\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 HTB \u0443\u0431\u0438\u0440\u0430\u0435\u0442 90% \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043c \u0441 \u0448\u0435\u0439\u043f\u0438\u043d\u0433\u043e\u043c \u043d\u0430 Mikrotik.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr \/>\n<h2>\u0428\u043f\u0430\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043b\u043a\u0430<\/h2>\n<pre><code># Simple Queue - \u0431\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u043e\n\/queue simple add name=&quot;WAN&quot; interface=ether1 max-limit=100M\/100M\n\/queue simple add name=&quot;Office&quot; parent=&quot;WAN&quot; target=192.168.0.10-192.168.0.50 \n    max-limit=30M\/40M\n\n# Queue Tree - \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0432\u0438\u043d\u0443\u0442\u043e\n\/ip firewall mangle add chain=forward dscp=46 action=mark-packet \n    new-packet-mark=VoIP pass-through=no\n\/ip firewall mangle add chain=forward action=mark-packet \n    new-packet-mark=Bulk pass-through=no\n\/queue tree add name=&quot;WAN-DL&quot; parent=ether1 max-limit=100M\n\/queue tree add name=&quot;VoIP&quot; packet-mark=&quot;VoIP&quot; parent=&quot;WAN-DL&quot; priority=1\n\/queue tree add name=&quot;Bulk&quot; packet-mark=&quot;Bulk&quot; parent=&quot;WAN-DL&quot; \n    limit-at=2M max-limit=100M priority=8\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p><em>\u041f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043e \u043d\u0430: RouterOS 7.14+.<\/em><br \/>\n<em>\u0414\u0430\u0442\u0430: \u0421\u0435\u043d\u0442\u044f\u0431\u0440\u044c 2026.<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u041f\u0440\u0438\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0435\u0442-\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u043a\u0430 \u043d\u0430 Mikrotik: Simple Queues \u0438 Queue Tree \u041a\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":0,"featured_media":726,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[7],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-725","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-mikrotik"],"aioseo_notices":[],"views":5,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/imaxis.ru\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/725","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/imaxis.ru\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/imaxis.ru\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/imaxis.ru\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=725"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/imaxis.ru\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/725\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":728,"href":"https:\/\/imaxis.ru\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/725\/revisions\/728"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/imaxis.ru\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/726"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/imaxis.ru\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=725"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/imaxis.ru\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=725"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/imaxis.ru\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=725"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}